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	<title>:: aribra :: &#187; Community Development</title>
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	<link>http://aribra.com</link>
	<description>sustainable, development</description>
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		<title>The Revolution Will Be&#8230;Built</title>
		<link>http://aribra.com/the-revolution-will-be-built</link>
		<comments>http://aribra.com/the-revolution-will-be-built#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Yahya E. B. Henry</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Community Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Entrepreneurship]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Infill]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[LEED]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Richard Florida]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sprawl]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aribra.com/?p=1618</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Yahya E. B. Henry In case you have not noticed by now, I am truly an advocate of infill development. I think my fascination with this particular development was highlighted in this interview by CNN with Richard Florida. In the video he highlights how America bounced back after the Great Depression. The recovery was [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by <a href="http://aribra.com/contributors">Yahya E. B. Henry</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://homepages.tesco.net/~martin.batesuk/marconi/images/under-construction.gif" alt="" width="400" height="320" /></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">In case you have not noticed by now, I am truly an advocate of <a href="http://aribra.com/5-reasons-why-infill-development-is-needed-now">infill development</a>. I think my fascination with this particular development was highlighted in this <a href="http://www.cnn.com/video/data/2.0/video/world/2010/11/17/intv.urban.planet.urbanization.cnn.html">interview</a> by CNN with Richard Florida. In the video he highlights how America bounced back after the Great Depression. The recovery was due in part to the flight from inner cities to the suburbs. That flight was a gift and a curse in that it took our best and brightest, along with their wealth, to the emerging suburbs. We effectively built our way out the Depression. Fast forward 75 years, here we are again at a crossroads where everyone from the President to economists are trying to figure out how we recover.</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;[We] must get back into the game&#8230;[we'll] be condemned to high unemployment and sluggish growth, if the 35% of the economy real estate represents is not engaged.&#8221; <em>Patrick Doherty, Washington Monthly<span id="more-1618"></span><br />
</em></p></blockquote>
<p>What do I propose? I&#8217;m so glad you asked.</p>
<p>America can recover by rebuilding our cities.  The Urban Land Institute noted that there <em>is </em>a <a href="http://joe-urban.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Little-Infill.pdf">demand</a> for attached housing to the tune of 25 million units by 2025; that translates into 3 million acres of infill sites scattered throughout America prime for redevelopment and new uses. If history is any indicator, we will recover-the question is how we will recover. Over the last decade we&#8217;ve seen a migration back to the city and the trend is continuing for a number of reasons. Some would argue because my generation, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation_Y">Echo Boomers</a> or Millennials, want to be near &#8220;life&#8221; and that tends be in urban centers. The game has changed. We no longer solely prefer the housing options our parents and grandparents had.</p>
<p>Progress has been made to raise awareness about the need to curb carbon emissions by changing the way buildings are built. I applaud the USGBC, Southface and others who are championing high performance building. I propose we shift gears. Now that we understand &#8220;green building&#8221; as means to curb emissions, we need to understand infill development as alternative to suburban sprawl. Many local governments don&#8217;t have policies in place that encourage infill development whereby developers opt for the lesser expensive suburban model.</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;There’s a frequent obstacle: neighbors’ opposition to infill development and the extra density it adds. But neighborhood doubts can often be satisfied by collaborative planning and prospects of quality redevelopment near transit stops, as well as attractive makeovers of obsolete shopping centers and low-grade strip commercial corridors. Plus, downtowns, universities and medical centers are new magnets for quality redevelopment.&#8221;</p>
<p>From &#8220;Compact Real Estate: The Stimulus We Need&#8221; Citiwire.net</p></blockquote>
<p>Construction jobs were <a href="http://www.reedconstructiondata.com/construction-forecast/news/2010/03/recession-cuts-construction-jobs-in-arizona-nevada-and-florida">halved</a> in Florida, Nevada and Arizona. What if we took the charge to build more sustainable cities? What if we built out half of the 3 million acres with walkable, transit oriented developments? Millions would be put back to work. Instead of putting lipstick on a pig, yes, I&#8217;m talking about GM, let&#8217;s redirect those funds to help cities incorporate policies that incentivize developers to pursue infill developments.</p>
<p>There is a stimulus package for you.</p>
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		<title>5 Reasons Why Infill Development Is Needed Now</title>
		<link>http://aribra.com/5-reasons-why-infill-development-is-needed-now</link>
		<comments>http://aribra.com/5-reasons-why-infill-development-is-needed-now#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 20 Sep 2011 16:41:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Yahya E. B. Henry</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Community Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Infill]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Infrastructure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cities]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[community]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sprawl]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aribra.com/?p=1567</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Yahya E. B. Henry What is Infill Development? Infill development is the process of developing vacant or under-used parcels within existing urban areas that are already largely developed.  Most communities have significant vacant land within city limits, which, for various reasons, has been passed over in the normal course of urbanization. A successful infill development program focuses [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by <a href="http://aribra.com/contributors">Yahya E. B. Henry</a></p>
<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://www.sf-planning.org/ftp/general_plan/images/east_soma/infill_development.jpg" alt="" width="207" height="209" /></p>
<p><strong>What is Infill Development?</strong></p>
<p>Infill development is the process of developing vacant or under-used parcels within existing urban areas that are already largely developed.  Most communities have significant vacant land within city limits, which, for various reasons, has been passed over in the normal course of urbanization. A successful infill development program focuses on the completion of the existing community fabric.  It should focus on filling gaps in the neighborhood. Following are 5 reasons why this form of development is needed now.</p>
<p><strong>1. Infill development contributes to a more compact form of development which is less consumptive of land and resources </strong></p>
<p>Many developers are bypassing vacant urban area land for less expensive land beyond our cities edges.  Our current patterns of sprawling, low-density development at the urban fringe are consuming land (including farmlands, wetlands, and other resource lands)  at a much faster rate than population growth.</p>
<p><strong>2. Infill development offers increased mobility for those who can&#8217;t or prefer not to drive. It is also an important part of the equation for minimizing traffic congestion</strong>.<span id="more-1567"></span></p>
<p>In-city living offers other transportation choices in addition to the automobile.  Filling in the gaps creates higher average densities, which in turn support more frequent transit service.  Residents who live near where they work, shop, or pursue other activities often can choose to walk, and carpools may be easier to arrange.  Such choice is particularly important for those who can&#8217;t drive including elderly, youth, or low income residents who lack a car.  Communities are learning that they cannot build their way out of traffic congestion.  New highways or lane additions typically fill up as fast as they are built as a result of the extended commutes and more frequent vehicle trips required by spread-out development.</p>
<p><strong>3. Fully utilizing existing facilities and services before considering costly service extensions to outlying areas offers savings for local government budgets.</strong></p>
<p>Building expensive new facilities while existing facilities have existing capacity is wasteful duplication in an era of belt tightening. Many local jurisdictions traditionally have averaged the costs of services across all users rather than charging the full cost of serving more distant development.  This has made outlying development relatively less expensive for the developer, while straining local government budgets. In addition, we are racing to construct expensive, new schools in outlying areas at the same time that we agonize over closing and finding new uses for inner city schools.  Growth at the cities&#8217; edges has come at the expense of central cities.  Older buildings in core areas have been abandoned, existing utilities are underutilized and, in general,  new investment has been redirected to the outlying areas.  Infill development also bolsters local government budgets by putting under- utilized vacant land back on the tax roles.</p>
<p><strong>4. Renewed infill and investment in our central cities is crucial to the overall economic health of the surrounding region</strong></p>
<p>Infill development brings increased numbers of residents to support in-city city commercial centers.  A more efficient business climate can result from employment centers located in close proximity  rather than in scattered sites.  The health of central city downtowns is intertwined with that of the region as a whole.  For a region to be well-positioned to compete in a global economy, it must have at its vortex a thriving central city which can provide the vitality and draw to fuel the region&#8217;s economy.</p>
<p><strong>5. Infill development can bring new opportunity and improved qualify of life for in-city residents</strong></p>
<p>The migration of higher-income residents, together with the best jobs, educational opportunities and services from many central cities, has left low-income residents isolated.  It can be very difficult for them to learn about and travel to distant jobs, especially if dependent on transit that requires multiple bus transfers, or carpooling to scattered job sites.  Reduced population and average income in cities also produces fewer tax dollars to support public services, and local businesses.  Fewer opportunities and positive role models, can contribute to loss of hope, increased anti-social behavior and crime.  These trends further fuel middle-class migration from cities.  In contrast, in-city neighborhoods offer living opportunities in neighborhoods with distinctive character and more opportunity for social interaction than sprawl development typically provides.  Infill development can return jobs, purchasing power and new amenities to an urban neighborhood.</p>
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		<title>O Brother (Yahya) Where Art Thou?</title>
		<link>http://aribra.com/o-brother-yahya-where-art-thou</link>
		<comments>http://aribra.com/o-brother-yahya-where-art-thou#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 11 Sep 2010 15:58:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Yahya E. B. Henry</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Community Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Infrastructure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Urbanism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gulf Coast]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New Orleans]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Seabees]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aribra.com/?p=1557</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Yahya E. B. Henry This summer has been a blur and seemingly, far from over. Over the past 3 months, I&#8217;ve had the opportunity to explore the Southern states of Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama and South Florida. Some work, some play but overall an education. My summer started out by having to go to Gulfport, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by <a href="http://aribra.com/contributors">Yahya E. B. Henry</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://linnaeas.com/wp-content/uploads/o-brother-where-art-thou-62.jpg" alt="" width="456" height="291" /></p>
<p>This summer has been a blur and seemingly, far from over. Over the past 3 months, I&#8217;ve had the opportunity to explore the Southern states of Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama and South Florida. Some work, some play but overall an education.</p>
<p>My summer started out by having to go to Gulfport, MS for Naval Reserve training. Yes, after 8 years of active service, I&#8217;m still a part time warrior. In fact, I&#8217;m a builder in the Naval Reserves and apart of a Construction Battalion, commonly called <a href="https://www.seabee.navy.mil/">Seabees</a> (Sea or &#8216;C&#8217; = construction, &#8216;Bees&#8217; = Battalion). The position allows for me to expand my knowledge of the construction industry and continue service to my country. We&#8217;re largely rockstars. That&#8217;s all.</p>
<p>I apologize for my absence but I&#8217;m back (smile). My decision to relocate to Augusta, Georgia is coming full circle. Augusta is humming right now and it feels great to be back to work. <span id="more-1557"></span>The city was recognized as having one of the most resilient economies and its evident in almost every industry.</p>
<p>Since arriving in Augusta I&#8217;ve been on the hunt for the right development opportunity for Aribra and believe I&#8217;ve found it; in fact I&#8217;ve found two. I&#8217;ll be sharing more details as the project gets further along but in short, I&#8217;m soon to be proposing a mixed-use building I believe will compliment the existing community and serve as a catalyst for more development.  On the second site, I&#8217;m exploring a historic renovation and expansion of a Downtown building. It&#8217;s an exciting opportunity and looking forward to them taking shape.</p>
<p>Stay tuned for the next chapter of The Aribra Group&#8217;s story and you can be assured you&#8217;ll be hearing from me more now that I&#8217;m back to work. What were you able to get accomplished this summer that you&#8217;re proud of?</p>
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		<title>Community Redevelopment Through Small-Scale Infill Development</title>
		<link>http://aribra.com/community-redevelopment-through-small-scale-infill-development</link>
		<comments>http://aribra.com/community-redevelopment-through-small-scale-infill-development#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 19 Apr 2010 11:22:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Yahya E. B. Henry</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Community Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Infill]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Infrastructure]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[greyfield]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Suffolk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Urban Land Institute]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aribra.com/?p=1479</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Yahya E. B. Henry Rebuilding the fabric of inner cities has been a passion of mine since understanding the power of design and infill development-more specifically small-scale infill development. Small-scale infill can be classified as projects comprising less than 100 housing units and fewer that 10,000 square feet of commercial space. There a several [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by <a href="http://aribra.com/contributors">Yahya E. B. Henry</a></p>
<div id="attachment_1484" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://aribra.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/EastPoint_Streetview.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1484 " title="EastPoint_Streetview" src="http://aribra.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/EastPoint_Streetview-300x217.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="217" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">East Point Plaza, Suffolk, VA (Streetview Rendering)</p></div>
<p>Rebuilding the fabric of inner cities has been a passion of mine since understanding the power of design and infill development-more specifically small-scale infill development. Small-scale infill can be classified as projects comprising less than 100 housing units and fewer that 10,000 square feet of commercial space. There a several definitions for this type development but it is my personal favorite. In the recent issue of Urban Land Magazine (City Futures, March/April 2010), Sam Newberg wrote an excellent piece entitled <a href="http://joe-urban.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Little-Infill.pdf">&#8220;Little Infill&#8221;</a>. In his piece, he notes that 20 million attached housing units will be needed by 2025 and that some 3 million acres of greyfield sites will become available for redevelopment.</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;They [small infill developments] are favorites of the planning and development industry for their compact urban scale, innovative design, and positive impact as catalysts for their neighbors.&#8221; Sam Newberg, Joe Urban, Inc.</p></blockquote>
<p>I&#8217;ve long championed infill development, especially in <a href="http://aribra.com/about-2">smaller</a>, less developed cities. Migration patterns have already begun shifting back to urban centers and smaller cities are positioned to take advantage of these trends. Small mixed-use infill projects do not fit most institutional investor business models. <span id="more-1479"></span>To date, I haven&#8217;t seen any REITs (Real Estate Investment Trusts) that focus on this segment of the market. Project cost can vary widely dependent upon product and construction type. Location also is a large factor. Cities where infill development is more prominent, <a href="http://aribra.com/are-banks-a-roadblock-to-walkable-development">financing</a> may be less of a challenge to secure versus others where suburban (greenfield) projects are given priority. Greenfield projects are understood, safe and, in the bank&#8217;s view, offer less risk.</p>
<p>In an interview with Tom Powell, advertising executive and developer, he provided insight into how he found success in his development <a href="http://eastpointplaza.com/">East Point Plaza</a>. The project houses his <a href="http://www.theaddisongroup.com/">ad agency&#8217;s</a> offices, has 32 apartment units, street level retail and has a programmable plaza. Powell needed more space for his ad agency and his search lead to this development. &#8220;It was a once in a lifetime opportunity&#8221;, says Powell. East Point is the first private investment into the Fairground community in several decades. The project cost $4.1 million to restore. It&#8217;s Downtown Suffolk, VA location is literally &#8216;on the other side of tracks&#8217; and pushes redevelopment into an underserved community. Powell noted the tax credit application process took longer than actual construction which began March 2009. Occupancy permits were issued in January 2010. <a href="http://www.comarchs.com/">Commonwealth Architects</a> served as lead designer and produced a very innovative and efficient design both the community and city embraced.</p>
<div id="attachment_1485" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://aribra.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Loft-Unit-at-East-Point-Plaza.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1485" title="Loft Unit at East Point Plaza" src="http://aribra.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Loft-Unit-at-East-Point-Plaza-300x194.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="194" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Loft unit at East Point Plaza</p></div>
<p>East Point Plaza and other projects like it will become more popular as the migration back to cities continue. There may be a learning curve in many communities where density is often looked upon <a href="http://www.urbanophile.com/2010/04/15/density-reconsidered/">negatively</a>. However, if cities begin to educate and show their support of infill development, developers are likely to fall in line. In my experience developers often take the most profitable route toward a project and if there are incentives in place to make small-scale infill more attractive, we&#8217;ll be seeing more of it in our cities. Are there are any communities in your city that have been impacted positively by an infill project?</p>
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		<title>The KISS Principle and Sustainability</title>
		<link>http://aribra.com/the-kiss-principle-and-sustainability</link>
		<comments>http://aribra.com/the-kiss-principle-and-sustainability#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 01 Feb 2010 16:15:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Timothy Hughes</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Community Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Lifestyle]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[KISS]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aribra.com/?p=1334</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Timothy Hughes The titanic effort of changing our energy policy, land use policy, and indeed our entire economy is overwhelming and daunting. Often though, it is the simple step that can generate significant incremental impacts. Baby steps are a lot easier for the public to grasp on to and adopt as well, thus creating [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by <a href="http://twitter.com/timrhughes">Timothy Hughes</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" title="KISS" src="http://www.faqs.org/docs/artu/graphics/kiss.png" alt="" width="381" height="178" /></p>
<p>The titanic effort of changing our energy policy, land use policy, and indeed our entire economy is overwhelming and daunting.  Often though, it is the simple step that can generate significant incremental impacts.  <strong>Baby steps are a lot easier for the public to grasp on to and adopt</strong> as well, thus creating behavioral change and lasting momentum.  When viewed in the right lens, individual baby steps can truly be the lever to create lasting change.</p>
<p>The KISS principle – “keep it simple stupid” – is something I need to keep in mind professionally every day as a lawyer.  I am forced to boil down legal precedent, complex facts, and apply psychology persuade on a daily basis.  If I cannot translate my experience and knowledge into a format that a client can understand, the client will not be able to grasp my advice in making decisions.  If I cannot translate the facts, documents and law of a case into a format that a jury understands and agrees with, I will lose my case.<span id="more-1334"></span></p>
<p>Construction, land use, transportation, and energy policy certainly have their aspects of extreme technical and political complexity. The KISS principle certainly applies here as well, including introducing sustainability as a value into the decision-making processes in these fields.  In the context of sustainability, there is another double meaning. The KISS principle can help keep the sustainability conversation focused, productive and manageable and help keep the uninitiated or unmotivated from being overwhelmed.  In addition, <strong>keeping things simple is where we need to head</strong> on a regular, day to day basis to make lasting changes with regards to our economy, energy policy, land use policy and the environment.</p>
<p>I recently saw a blog post with something so simple, so obvious but also carrying such wide implications it resonated with me.  The city of Portland has long been a progressive source of environmental thought and advocacy.  As reported on the very interesting site GOOD, <a title="Portland Tool Libraries" href="http://www.good.is/post/portland-s-enviable-tool-libraries/" target="_blank">Portland now has three separate tool libraries</a>.  Having spent a lot of money on tools over the years that often sit unused in the garage, this seems like a very obvious and very useful service.  While Stanley in particular may not like this concept, overall this is the type of simple step that can create huge ramifications on reducing the intensity of material extraction, energy usage, and reducing our environmental footprint dramatically.</p>
<p>We need to think of the big picture in terms of land use and community planning.  We need to foster change in the market towards denser urban and transit oriented development and away from sprawl and McMansions.  At the same time, we need to remember that cultivating simplicity and finding structures and mechanisms to encourage that simplicity can also have a tremendous impact.</p>
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		<title>Crisis, Sustainability, Values and “American Exceptionalism”</title>
		<link>http://aribra.com/crisis-sustainability-values-and-%e2%80%9camerican-exceptionalism%e2%80%9d</link>
		<comments>http://aribra.com/crisis-sustainability-values-and-%e2%80%9camerican-exceptionalism%e2%80%9d#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Dec 2009 13:51:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Timothy Hughes</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Community Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Real Estate]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transportation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Urbanism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American Exceptionalism]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aribra.com/?p=1159</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Timothy Hughes The current economic crisis offers a chance for a paradigm shift. We should not waste this opportunity by returning to the status quo that existed before the downturn or even pining for that unsustainable state. Instead, we should embrace rethinking our economy, and in particular our land use, development and construction policies. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by <a href="http://twitter.com/timrhughes">Timothy Hughes</a></p>
<p><a href="http://aribra.com/contributors"></a><img class="alignright" src="http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/english/on-line-exhibits/posters/pics/16179_no_exception_770.jpg" alt="" width="214" height="321" /></p>
<p>The current economic crisis offers a chance for a paradigm shift.  We should not waste this opportunity by returning to the status quo that existed before the downturn or even pining for that unsustainable state.  Instead, we should embrace rethinking our economy, and in particular our land use, development and construction policies.</p>
<p>We are already seeing some economic changes relating to the downturn.  Prior to the economic freefall over the last year, savings rates had dwindled to literally nothing.  With the modest level of recovery, some are bemoaning the lackluster spending on American consumers.  What we are seeing is actually a <a href="http://www.dailymarkets.com/economy/2009/05/21/a-look-at-the-historical-savings-rate/" target="_blank">rebound of more healthy savings rates</a> rather than a continued hunger for excessive material goods fueled by debt financing.  Count me as one who sees this as a long term win even if it means a slower recovery.</p>
<p>The downturn has had disparate impacts that in some markets are directly tied to land use policy.  In urban style Arlington County, Virginia, the recession has certainly slowed business growth and hurt specific businesses.  Overall, however, property values have dropped only very modestly in the midst of a global downturn.<span id="more-1159"></span> The 2009 budget actually called for a <a href="http://www.arlingtonva.us/departments/ManagementAndFinance/budget/fy09proposed/County%20Manager%27s%20%20Message.pdf">4.4% budget increase</a> while <a href="http://www.co.arlington.va.us/departments/ManagementAndFinance/budget/file68782.pdf">2010 recommended a very modest 1.3% decline</a>.  These budget estimates reflect a modest drop in property tax revenues associated with a modest property tax increase and moderate value decreases.</p>
<p>By comparison, Prince William and Loudoun Counties experienced spectacular numerical growth fueled by huge sprawling single family subdivisions which feed into clogged arterial highways.  These regions have suffered precipitous drops in property values and high foreclosure rates.  For example, in 2006, Prince William recorded a total of 249 foreclosures.  In <a href="http://www.pwcgov.org/docLibrary/PDF/11075.pdf">2008, this number jumped to 6,549</a>.   These jurisdictions are now struggling to shift their focus and development approach.</p>
<p>Transit oriented dense development has demonstrated a more sustainable environmental footprint and economic framework in challenging times.  This intersection of economic and environmental sustainability makes the discussions blooming at places like <a href="http://aribra.com/">Aribra</a> and <a href="http://www.build2sustain.com/">Build2Sustain</a> so exciting and timely.  Sustainability requires both economic and environmental consideration and in the end, both are truly symbiotic.</p>
<p>On one level, I see these changes and events as looking forward to the future.  On another very different level, I see them as harkening to the better part of our nation’s past.  I was raised in large part by my grandparents, children of the depression.  My grandfather served in both World War II and the Korean War.  Their generation, rightfully called the Greatest Generation, worked, fought, scrimped, and challenged our nation to success.  It was these qualities of talent and character, coupled with a wealth of natural resources and a structural backbone of democracy and freedom that constitute what I associate with the phrase “American Exceptionalism”.</p>
<p>Over the last few decades, I believe we have strayed far from the ideals of the Greatest Generation.  Deficit financing of excessive consumer goods does not match that generation’s value system.  Folks who trumpet the theory that American Exceptionalism means we are “the best” and therefore can swing our global weight around do not get it either.  It is not that we ever were or thought we were better than anyone else, but rather that the Greatest Generation did what they had to do and got it done.  In fact, this co-opting of the Greatest Generation’s spirit in political discourse runs counter to the very concepts of humility and service that ran at the core of the Greatest Generation.</p>
<p>I think about these themes quite a bit in my daily life, my legal practice, and talks amongst friends.  I was so struck when my friend and twitter pal James Bedell recently commented on this very theme in a post <a href="http://www.build2sustain.com/blog/2009/12/13/the-end-of-american-exceptionalism.html">The End of American Exceptionalism</a>.  If this concept is about permanent US world domination, that is not reality in my book: what goes up, must eventually come down.  I grew up pondering the theory of cost of empire and the fall of the Roman Empire.  I was part of the guinea pig test history classes for Paul Kennedy’s widely respected <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rise_and_Fall_of_the_Great_Powers" target="_blank">The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers</a>, a tremendous book that still rings true decades later.</p>
<p>In the end, I agree with James that the world hungers for, loves and purchases our “culture”, but I believe to my core that what is perceived as American culture is part of the problem and not the solution moving forward.  American Exceptionalism started and maintained from a very different set of core values, and those core values propelled us in large part to our success.  In the end, it is about a more modest set of assumptions and expectations, values based on service and leadership rather than consumption and domination.  These values in turn fit directly into developing a more sustainable model of growth and the economy moving forward.  These values are ours to embody and demonstrate or to ignore and discard, so in the end, the question of whether American Exceptionalism is alive is up to us.</p>
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		<title>No Urban America Without Rural America</title>
		<link>http://aribra.com/no-urban-america-without-rural-america</link>
		<comments>http://aribra.com/no-urban-america-without-rural-america#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 12:32:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Tommy Manuel</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Air Quality]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Community Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sustainability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Urbanism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[population]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rural]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[urban]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aribra.com/?p=1049</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Tommy Manuel I live a double life. Most recently that life has been spent amid a cacophony of rumbling trains on the elevated subway line outside my window, the din of car horns from the drive-through fast food restaurant below my building, shrieks from emergency vehicles, bangs and clashes from the construction work on [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify">by <a href="http://aribra.com/contributors">Tommy Manuel</a></p>
<p style="text-align: justify">
<div id="attachment_1064" class="wp-caption alignright" style="width: 243px"><a rel="attachment wp-att-1064" href="http://aribra.com/no-urban-america-without-rural-america/evil-architect"><img class="size-medium wp-image-1064" src="http://aribra.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/evil-architect-289x300.jpg" alt="Photo, Flickr" width="233" height="242" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Photo, Flickr</p></div>
<p>I live a double life.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify">Most recently that life has been spent amid a cacophony of rumbling trains on the elevated subway line outside my window, the din of car horns from the drive-through fast food restaurant below my building, shrieks from emergency vehicles, bangs and clashes from the construction work on Columbia&#8217;s new campus across the way, shouts from passersby, and yes on rare occasions, gunshots.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify">In contrast, I spent the majority of my life &#8211; I&#8217;m only 35 &#8211; in rural America where the audible equivalent to my current urban context consisted of insects louder than the 1 and 2 trains rumbling above Broadway, roosters and wild turkeys announcing the coming daylight, solitary cars on the highway just down what use to be a dirt road when I was a kid, the distant haunting drone of the Silver Meteor or the Palmetto passing through town three miles west, and, though with more frequency but less suspicion, gunshots.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify">Lately, I&#8217;ve been giving a considerable amount of thought to just how these two extremes, both of which I love for peculiar reasons, are actually two sides of the same coin. On Wednesday, May 23, 2007, that coin got a tad bit weighted to one side as scientists from North Carolina State University and the University of Georgia projected that the earth&#8217;s human population, for the first time in history, had become more urban than rural.<span id="more-1049"></span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify">Even as these scientists urged us to avoid placing greater importance on urban populations in light of these findings, much of academia rushed to exploit and skew this information with untold numbers of urban studies. Urban had become academically fashionable in a way it never had been before. In actuality, we&#8217;re not talking about some dramatic shift; the United Nations estimated that by 2010, less than two months from now, there will only be a 2.6% difference in favor of urban population numbers!</p>
<p style="text-align: justify">This isn&#8217;t a zero-sum game. Urban and rural communities are not in competition with each other &#8211; at least they shouldn&#8217;t be considered that way. Rural communities produce goods and resources that are then processed by our cities for both urban and rural consumers. Interestingly, researches suggest that if either had to sustain themselves without the other, &#8220;few would bet on the cities.&#8221;</p>
<p style="text-align: justify">But there&#8217;s a dark side to this relationship between urban and rural communities. NC State and Georgia researchers concluded that not only do rural areas have more than their share of poverty and low education attainment, but they also receive a disproportionate amount garbage, polluted air, contaminated water, and hazardous waste produced by their urban counterparts!</p>
<p style="text-align: justify">Urban America, regardless of its newly established majority standing, can not afford to continue dumping on rural America.  While one might go so far as to consider this immoral, I believe it&#8217;s just plain dumb. Cities need the resources provided by surrounding rural areas for their continuation. Conversely, rural America cannot be left out of the conversations that are going on across this country regarding infrastructure, sustainability, community empowerment, education, and the arts.  It just will not do.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify">As I continue to discover the similarities and differences between my double lives, I look forward to sharing them and making the connections more mutually meaningful. Moving forward, it&#8217;s quite clear there can be no healthy urban America without a equally healthy rural America.</p>
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		<title>A History Lesson with APHA and the Built Environment</title>
		<link>http://aribra.com/a-history-lesson-with-apha-and-the-built-environment</link>
		<comments>http://aribra.com/a-history-lesson-with-apha-and-the-built-environment#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Oct 2009 04:27:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andre Blackman</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Community Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Urbanism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[APHA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[blight]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[displacement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[health 2.0]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aribra.com/?p=634</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Andre Blackman Over the past 100 years, public health in the United States has grown in importance by leaps and bounds. Much of the field has its historical roots based in events surrounding disease prevention, population safety and a slew of regulations that were enacted to generally make the country a safer place to [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by <a href="../contributors">Andre Blackman</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center"><img class="size-large wp-image-637 aligncenter" src="http://aribra.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/1225445_27215832-1024x679.jpg" alt="1225445_27215832" width="392" height="259" /></p>
<p>Over the past 100 years, public health in the United States has grown in importance by leaps and bounds. Much of the field has its historical roots based in events surrounding disease prevention, population safety and a slew of regulations that were enacted to generally make the country a safer place to live. Another aspect of public health that was integral in the shaping of the country was its role in developing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Built_environment" target="_blank">the built environment</a>.</p>
<p>Coming back from the <a href="http://www.health2con.com/" target="_blank">Health 2.0 conference</a> in San Francisco last week, I had the opportunity to read over a <a href="http://www.ajph.org/cgi/content/abstract/99/9/1603" target="_blank">fascinating article</a> about the involvement of the American Public Health Association (APHA) in the early 1900&#8242;s, in setting precedents for urban housing. In essence, the APHA and other health professionals created regulations that were used to declare certain inner-city residential areas as &#8220;blighted&#8221; or uninhabitable. What this meant for those neighborhoods and the people living in them can be summed up with two words: <strong>destroyed and displaced.<span id="more-634"></span></strong></p>
<p>After World War II, the state of urban neighborhoods that were populated predominantly by African Americans were considered in very poor shape. Moreover, these substandard conditions allowed for an increase in public health concerns which were noted by the APHA. Between 1937-1938, the APHA created a Committee on the Hygiene of Housing and developed guidelines that outlined fundamental requirements (including physical, mental and social health) of living conditions in order to promote better health and reduce disease.</p>
<blockquote><p>Because housing was responsible for poor health, it became a goal of the reformers to advocate for demolition of the worst units and for a comprehensive national program of housing construction that would build as many as 13 million units from 1937 to 1945.</p></blockquote>
<p>As good as this sounded at the time, much of the demolition that took place caused more problems &#8211; including the extensive displacement of families (with many times no relocation plans for them) and the increased negative reputation of urban neighborhoods. Many of the guidelines that were put into place also turned a blind eye to blatant racial segregation that continued to exclude African Americans from proper means of living. Bias in housing location for them apparently ran rampant. Mental health also played a role as many ousted residents (which would also include Italian and Jewish residents) would return to the old neighborhoods to try and find solace.</p>
<p>In essence &#8211; the public health workers had their minds in the right place however the political figures and others involved in the urban renewal process let the ball drop on quite a few important issues.</p>
<p>From the article:</p>
<blockquote><p>Focusing on the health effects of the built environment, new research has shed light on the association between the physical form of neighborhoods and the physical activity levels of its inhabitants &#8211; and the role of housing in asthma.</p></blockquote>
<p>Today, the public health field has another opportunity to examine the effects of the built environment and make positive connections and changes with regard to public health. The next few years will be an important opportunity for public health as we can no longer ignore the effects of how the built environment affects the health of its residents. From addressing childhood obesity to improving physical activity options for the entire family, I hope that we can move forward with sustainable solutions.</p>
<p>Additional Resources:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/prof/heart/other/phph_rpt.pdf" target="_blank">National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Summary on Public Housing and Public Health</a> (PDF)</p>
<p><a href="http://www.ajph.org/cgi/reprint/92/5/758.pdf" target="_blank">Housing and Health: Time Again for Public Health Action</a> (PDF article)</p>
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		<title>Under Construction: Diversity in Commercial Real Estate</title>
		<link>http://aribra.com/under-construction-diversity-in-commercial-real-estate</link>
		<comments>http://aribra.com/under-construction-diversity-in-commercial-real-estate#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 11 Oct 2009 16:00:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Yahya E. B. Henry</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Community Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Entrepreneurship]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Real Estate]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[commercial real estate]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[diversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[urban renewal]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aribra.com/?p=527</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by Yahya E. B. Henry “Commercial real estate is perhaps the most compelling investment opportunity in the United States right now, it is a $5 trillion business where one percent is minority.&#8221; Quinton Primo III of Capri Capital Partners L.L.C. “  ~ from Black Enterprise Under Construction The real estate industry, from a development perspective, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by <a href="../contributors">Yahya E. B. Henry</a></p>
<p>“Commercial real estate is perhaps the most compelling investment opportunity in the United States right now, it is a $5 trillion business where one percent is minority.&#8221; Quinton Primo III of <a href="http://www.capricapital.com/">Capri Capital Partners</a> L.L.C. “  ~ from <em>Black Enterprise</em></p>
<p><strong>Under Construction</strong></p>
<p><img class="size-full wp-image-559 alignleft" title="Under Construction" src="http://aribra.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/Under-Construction.gif" alt="Under Construction" width="228" height="208" />The real estate industry, from a development perspective, is singly the least diverse industry on the planet.  You could also say  one of the most vital. There are proportionally more minority accountants, doctors and lawyers than minority management-level commercial real estate professionals  (less than 1% of 125,000 &#8211; source <a href="http://www.projectreap.org/">REAP</a>).</p>
<p>I think part of that rests in the fact that it&#8217;s primarily controlled by a <a href="http://www.rer.org/site/c.hsJRKYPFJrH/b.2025333/k.BDE7/Board_of_Directors.htm">few</a> white males. Literally, a small fraternity controls the majority of the world&#8217;s real estate. There is some historical significance to this as most property was held by white owners and has been passed down throughout generations. It largely remains that way today. <a href="http://www.blackenterprise.com/diversity/diversity-news/2008/07/23/bridging-diversity-in-commercial-real-estate">One percent</a> of real estate wealth is held by minorities. No wonder heavily populated urban areas suffer  steeper declines compared to  more diverse cities. <a href="http://www.crewnetwork.org/about/about_history_frm.html">Women</a> are also significantly underrepresented in commercial real estate as well.<span id="more-527"></span></p>
<p>The essence of real estate development is identifying a need and filling it. Whenever I hear someone say, &#8220;This area needs a supermarket,&#8221; or &#8220;We really need a drug store,&#8221; I can only think to myself how many would-be developers exist who could benefit from mentoring.  It&#8217;s a catch 22: you need minorities in development to mentor other minorities in development, but if the numbers of minorities aren&#8217;t increasing, the gap will only continue to widen. By <a href="http://wonder.cdc.gov/WONDER/help/populations/population-projections/SummaryTabA1.pdf">2030</a>, it&#8217;s projected that America will have to build another <a href="http://money.cnn.com/2005/10/26/pf/megapolitan_biz20_1105/index.htm">200 billion</a> square feet of space to accommodate growth for an expected 70 million, and a great majority of that growth will be from non-whites.</p>
<p>As <a href="http://www.globeinvestor.com/servlet/story/PRNEWS.20080926.NEF063/GIStory/">urban</a> renewal becomes more pronounced, we&#8217;ll need a cross-section of real estate minds to address our ever-changing demographics. Chances are your community &#8211; no matter the cultural makeup &#8211; was developed by someone who does not look like you or share the same value systems you do; a need was identified and filled. Many communities are accustomed to being part of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charrette">charette</a>. However, what communities are not used to is being apart of the implementation process once suggestions are made and adopted by a given city.</p>
<p>I think we should inspire, educate and empower community level leaders with the resources they need to redevelop their own communities. The response was quite astounding on Ava Bromberg&#8217;s new <a href="http://aribra.com/creating-neighborhood-capital-from-strip-malls">model</a> that seeks to leverage strip malls into vehicles of economic activity. For example, <a href="http://www.adcorp.org/">Abyssinian Development Corporation</a> (ADC) is the largest community development organization of its kind and demonstrates the power of community engagement &#8211; they have a portfolio of over $350,000,000.</p>
<p><strong>Detour: Level Playing Field</strong></p>
<p><img class="size-full wp-image-566 alignright" title="Detour" src="http://aribra.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/Detour.jpg" alt="Detour" width="200" height="160" />The need is much greater than many realize but the conversation has largely been non-existent because so few are affected. I&#8217;ve chaired several industry committees and have witnessed, personally, the underrepresentation of women and minorities within the industry. On any given day, you&#8217;ll find a number of minorities who practice residential real estate. They often lack the knowledge on how to structure projects and thus pass them on to someone who has the knowledge capital to deliver a project. This isn&#8217;t an indictment, we need skilled professionals in real estate but the lack of information sharing has reached critical mass.  Just as social media has allowed communities to be formed online, I believe communities can be rebuilt offline utilizing a similar platform &#8211; create the conversations, share solutions and implement the best ideas.</p>
<p>I&#8217;m pulling back the curtain to say the secret is out &#8211; anyone can develop real estate, it&#8217;s not an elite club meant for a few. The question then becomes a matter of how to connect the many dots. I&#8217;ve met with some prominent minority developers with businesses that range from a few million to a few billion dollars, but none of them offered solutions to lift up the next generation of real estate leadership. Social media has allowed for the brokering of ideas a world over; <a href="http://aribra.com/about-2">Aribra</a> seeks to accomplish a similar feat in the built space. Is this about economic benefit? Absolutely not. It&#8217;s about taking our communities back. A lot of people bemoan capitalist organizations that effectively strip other countries of their natural resources. This could happen for any number of reasons; some are political, some are not. Whatever the reason, there is no need for our communities to be exploited by developers, most who don&#8217;t live there and are solely looking for economic returns instead of leveraging already existing assets.</p>
<p>The following are  organizations that have sought to address the issue of diversity in commercial real estate.  I&#8217;ve found them to have successful inclusion programs.</p>
<p>a. CCIM&#8217;s <a href="http://www.ccim.com/content/cultural-diversity">Cultural Diversity Education Program</a> (CDEP)</p>
<p>b. <a href="http://www.projectreap.org/">Project REAP</a> [Real Estate Associate Program]</p>
<p>c. <a href="http://www.crewnetwork.org/">Commercial Real Estate Women</a> (CREW)</p>
<p>It&#8217;s our time.</p>
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		<title>Inspiration and Community in Web 2.0</title>
		<link>http://aribra.com/inspiration-and-community-in-web-2-0</link>
		<comments>http://aribra.com/inspiration-and-community-in-web-2-0#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 10 Oct 2009 14:19:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>James Bedell</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Community Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Global]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[community]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[new media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[twitter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[web 2.0]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://aribra.com/?p=529</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[by James Bedell As I typed the title of this post, even I cringed. Anyone who thinks they&#8217;re a social media &#8220;guru&#8221; or &#8220;expert&#8221; or whatever, is wrong. Why? Because Web 2.0 style social media is too new to have any experts. How can you be an expert on Twitter when it&#8217;s only really been [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>by <a href="../contributors">James Bedell</a></p>
<p><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-531" title="social media" src="http://aribra.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/social-media.jpg" alt="social media" width="193" height="137" /></p>
<p>As I typed the title of this post, even I cringed. Anyone who thinks they&#8217;re a social media &#8220;guru&#8221; or &#8220;expert&#8221; or whatever, is wrong. Why? Because Web 2.0 style social media is too new to have any experts. How can you be an expert on Twitter when it&#8217;s only really been around for three years, and popular for one? How can you know how to treat Facebook when the functions keep changing. In truth, no one is really sure what the effect of updating your status and tweeting your thoughts constantly will do to our culture yet. We&#8217;ve moved beyond insta-polling and gotten to the point where Twitter can tell you what the world is saying about any subject almost instantly.</p>
<p>Within this tapestry of intermingling voices (that was a pretty way of describing what others might call &#8220;noise&#8221;) there are real communities forming, there are real examples of the social web becoming a way for people to gather and create something, a positive force for good. Some examples&#8230;.</p>
<p>The <a href="http://12for12k.org/">12for12k</a> movement led by <a href="http://twitter.com/dannybrown">@dannybrown</a>, he <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowdsourcing">crowdsources</a> &#8211; leveraging social media to raise funds for different charities all year. His work and the work of all those donating their time and money is changing the world in a positive way by personally linking others on the social web to their movement. It&#8217;s a massive shift in the way we think about charity donation. It&#8217;s web based, diffuse, and personal&#8211;you feel like you KNOW those who fight for <a href="http://twitter.com/#search?q=12for12k">12for12k </a>because, well, you do.<span id="more-529"></span></p>
<p>What if you are struck by a personal tragedy, say contracting cancer? Today, you can leverage the social web to make a difference. That&#8217;s what Drew Olanoff is doing via Twitter. His <a href="http://twitter.com/Drew">@drew</a> account, followed by over 10,000 people is inspiring people to fight cancer. Not only has he partnered with <a href="http://twitter.com/livestrong">@livestrong</a> to raise money, <a href="http://blogs.zdnet.com/weblife/?p=1000">including auctioning his twitter handle to Drew Carey</a>, but he&#8217;s done something bigger. He&#8217;s attacked cancer with his unique brand of humor. Now anyone on Twitter that has something to complain about can <a href="http://twitter.com/#search?q=%23BlameDrewsCancer">#blamedrewscancer </a>it&#8217;s a way to use humor to raise awareness across the web and anyone can participate. That&#8217;s the power of social media to do good in our society.</p>
<p>But if you&#8217;re like me, you want to do something practical. You want to use the social web to solve a problem. I want to make our building stock in the US more sustainable, so I&#8217;m starting a company called <img class="alignright size-full wp-image-532" title="B2S" src="http://aribra.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/B2S.jpg" alt="B2S" width="233" height="53" /><a href="http://www.build2sustain.com">Build2Sustain</a> to do it. Part of starting that company has been signing on an <a href="http://www.build2sustain.com/the-b2s-team/">advisory board</a>. Every single member of that advisory board is someone I began conversing with through Twitter. Reading their thoughts on sustainability and the building space, I got a sense for their thought processes. We tweeted, we emailed, we spoke on the phone, now we work together to try and build a business that might help the world in some small way.</p>
<p>The walls have been broken down and now if you really are committed to an idea or a cause, you can find others who are too. You can reach out and get inspired through the work of others, join a cause or start one of your own.</p>
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